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Latest revision as of 11:43, 1 March 2013

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1. DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUES, METHODS AND EQUIPMENT


In addition to direct printing, cauterisation is widely used. Reserve printing is seldom used.

1.) direct printing

Acid-, acid-fulling, 1:2 metal complex- and reactive dyes are used. The first three groups achieve a good resistance to water and washing up to 40°C – if the right dye is chosen and cationic after-treatment is applied. For higher demands, reactive dyes should be used.

2.) Cauterisation printing

To achieve good results, experience and complete monitoring are necessary. The right choice of dyes and cauterisation chemicals for certain operating conditions is essential.

Techniques:

- white cauterisation

- coloured cauterisation with direct-, acid-, metal complex- or cationic dyes as illumination dyes

- coloured cauterisation with vat dyes

For stock dyeing, direct-, metal complex-, acid- or reactive dyes can be applied. The corrodibility of every dye lot has to be verified. The choice of the reducing agent strongly depends on the local conditions and on the chosen technique. Some illumination dyes are less resistant to water – even at low temperatures; the resistance to light of some elements is not satisfying as well. With tin (II)-chloride the choice of cauterisation-resistant dyes grows incredibly. Some of these elements allow a washing-resistance up to 40°C. A negative aspect is the yellowness of the cauterisation area, which adds to the illumination tone. In addition, the corrosive impact of tin (II) chloride on steaming machines has to be kept in mind (secession of hydrochloric acid). Only the coloured cauterisation with vat dyes produces washable silk-prints with washing resistance up to 40°C and higher. However, this process is technically not easily applicable. In addition, many of the suitable indigoid vat dyes are no longer available on the market, and therefore the choice of nuances is limited.

3.) Reserve printing

Reserve-printing techniques are an interesting alternative to cauterisation printing – concerning colour – and are well suitable for “table-film” printing on silk. This technique is based on the feature of certain reservation agents, to act reserving for certain acid- and metal complex dyes, but not to prevent other dyes from fixation on the fibre. It is therefore possible, to produce a large quantity of stack- and overprint tones. These wet-in-wet processes only comprise one single stage. Technically, they can be more easily controlled than cauterisation printing and they offer a higher operational safety (according to Hofstetter as well as Monney and Moreau).

source: Lexikon der Textilindustrie


2. NEW TECHNOLOGIES


a) Changes in the process

No information is available.

b) Changes in the heat supply system

No information is available.

c) Changes in the energy distribution system

No information is available.


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